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Is Being Unemployed in India Costlier Now?
Lorraine Regi M and Dr. Sovik Mukherjee Background Education remains as a significant driver of change, shaping opportunities and empowering individuals. People pursue it to gain skills, improve their prospects, and secure meaningful employment. Higher education in India has long been the main avenue for social mobility and access to new opportunities, offering a brighter […]
Fertility Choices in Contemporary India: Socio-Economic and Psychological Determinants
India stands at a crucial demographic crossroads. While its population is projected to touch 1.46 billion by the end of 2025, the nation’s Total Fertility Rate (TFR) has already fallen below replacement levels. This decline is not merely a matter of personal choice but a reflection of complex socio-economic and psychological realities. Financial precarity in the gig economy, the empowerment of women through education and employment, shifting aspirations shaped by social media, and the weight of mental health struggles—all intertwine to influence fertility decisions. Parenthood today is less about biological inevitability and more about navigating modern uncertainties. By understanding these layered determinants, India can move beyond viewing declining fertility as a crisis and instead frame it as a rational response to evolving social and economic conditions. Continue reading